点对点文件共享
Peer-to-peer file sharingis different from traditional file downloading. In peer-to-peer sharing, you use asoftwareprogram (rather than your Web browser) to locate computers that have the file you want. Because these are ordinary computers like yours, as opposed to servers, they are calledpeers. The process works like this:
- You run peer-to-peer file-sharing software (for example, aGnutella program) on your computer and send out a request for the file you want to download.
- To locate the file, the software queries other computers that are connected to the Internet and running the file-sharing software.
- 当software finds a computer that has the file you want on itshard drive, the download begins.
- Others using the file-sharing software can obtain files they want from your computer's hard drive.
The file-transfer load is distributed between the computers exchanging files, but file searches and transfers from your computer to others can cause bottlenecks. Some people download files and immediately disconnect without allowing others to obtain files from their system, which is called用水蛭吸血. This limits the number of computers the software can search for the requested file.
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For more information about file sharing and the peer-to-peer download, seeHow Gnutella WorksandHow Kazaa Works.